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Speaking Out...
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A few of the most common types of speech disorders are language disorders, articulation disorders, voice disorders, and fluency disorders.
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Language Disorder:
- The individual does not use meaningful single words and can not combine words for meaningful sentences
- He or she can not follow simple instructions
- He or she can not make complete sentences
- The individual repeats parts of questions or commands instead of responding
- The individual uses a short sentence structure and often uses words incorrectly
- He or she is unable to name common objects and becomes frustrated when unable to express emotions or thoughts
Articulation Disorder (ex. lisp):
- The individual doesn't use consonant sounds
- He or she uses mostly vowels and gestures for expression
- The manner of speech does not make sense
- He or she is unable to correctly produce certain sounds
Voice Disorder:
- The individual's voice is chronically hoarse, harsh, breathy or of poor quality
- His or her voice is always too loud or too soft
- The pitch of the voice breaks often and is inappropriate for the individual's sex or age
- His or her voice has a nasal quality
- Chewing, swallowing and keeping food in his or her mouth, when eating or drinking, is difficult for the individual
Fluency Disorder (ex. Stuttering):
- He or she physically struggles to initiate and complete speech sounds
- The individual suffers from persistent stuttering and exhibits an abnormal number of repetitions, hesitations, blocks and/or disruptions in speech
- He or she exhibits tension and abnormal movements when talking
- The individual becomes embarrassed when speaking and often avoids speaking to hide stuttering from others
- The individual speaks too quickly and is difficult to understand
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